The larger study has been conducted among cancer patients in 10 countries. The way this is done will depend on the individual Almost all Iranians respect the principle of modesty in the Islamic religion. Knowing what you value will help you build the most meaningful life possible. Role of Father: In traditional families, the father is the head of the household. Data was reported in Iran in 2013 has shown that almost 42 percent of deliveries in public hospitals and 90 percent in private hospitals were carried out with cesarean section. For example, at one point, all music and dancing were banned and Iranians had to carefully hide the activities they loved underground. 5 Here we refer to the real believers and not to the majority of Iranians who according to the law are regarded as Shiites. Patients then use the data forwarded to families and family members to come to a solid understanding of their health status. The Iranian people have a record of practising quite a progressive form of Shia Islam. Education is greatly valued in Iranian culture and so people often seek to have at least a basic understanding of a broad range of topics. Mexicans are very Elderly parents are dependent on adult children and grandchildren. Depends on the family, the guests' number changes between 150 to even 2000 people. The Persians were only one of these tribes who settled in the territory of Persis (also Parsa, modern-day Fars) which would give them their name. One contributing factor may be that women in Iran are often confined to the home, leading to isolation and poor domestic conditions. Conflict related to cultural beliefs within healthcare commonly arises during times of significant life change. They are beliefs, ideas, and principles that are specific to your home and how it functions. Nevertheless, much of the population shares the benefits of the middle class. Nahals silence about her mental illness also relates to a worry that shell be forced to resume antidepressant medication, which she took prior to pregnancy. They are also sometimes taught early that the protection of family honour also resides with them. Talking in terms of beating a disease . Ziyarat is, however, not merely a way of reaching God to ask for help. In so doing, the following steps were undertaken. Role of Mother: Traditionally, Hmong mothers nurture and take care of the children. Elderly relatives are kept at home, not placed in a nursing home. (35-year-old female). A unified, searchable interface answering your questions on the world's cultures and religions. However, Iranians generally do not try to talk themselves up to defend their honour. 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG. Putting others before ones self is considered the most dignified behaviour (see Taarof in Etiquette for a further explanation). A critical literature review, Public mental health promotion, meaning-making and existential meaning: Challenges for person-centered care of refugees in a secular, pluralistic context, Religious involvement and subjective well-being, Religion and health among black and white adults: Examining social support and consolation, Why me? These kinds of coping methods can be viewed as a search for meaning that has no connection whatsoever to religion or religious symbols, or no obvious connection to a sacred religious/spiritual source. Significant class differences were exacerbated through periods of recent economic hardship and instability. Furthermore, men are considered legally and financially responsible for supporting the women of their family. One 41-year-old man explained this: We have a responsibility to act. Cultural family values normalizing child marriage. The results were part of a larger study in which the purpose was to understand nurses' experiences of delivery of care for Iraqi patients. Eyes, although tremendously important in sexual and affectional relations, are also regarded an important body part because they can attract evil. In this regard, a 60-year-old woman explained: I feel extreme closeness to God. I should make myself a better person. The two additional themes spiritual coping and existential coping will be presented in another article. Even though Iranians may consider some of these cultural customs ordinary and mundane, they are sure to raise a foreign eyebrow or two. Nevertheless, many parents suggest partners to their children, who then may or may not agree with their recommendation. In this respect, two interviewees understood their collaboration with God as follows: I dont believe in predestination. The continuous presence of pre-Islamic, non-Muslim communities - such as Zoroastrians, Jews, and Christians - has served to accustom the population to non-Muslims participating in Iranian society. The present article is confined to the results obtained in our study in Iran and restricted to religious coping methods. Despite the firmly entrenched reach of the Islamic Republic, Iranians generally discuss politics with vigour. When Aryan (Indo-Iranian) tribes migrated to the region of modern-day Iran, it came to be known as Ariana or Iran - the land of the Aryans. As the present findings show, the RCOPE methods appear to be of great importance to the Iranian interviewees. Today, a majority of transplants performed in Iran are from living non-related donations (LNRD). In the current article, we present the results from our study in Iran, which looks at religious coping methods from a cultural perspective. People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read. Im not in charge, but only God. Iran has been swift and forthcoming in adopting and bringing forward new ideas. Cultural behaviors have important implications for human health. One will find different cities have varying reputations from one another, whilst rural areas can have almost entirely different traditions and values. They are always in my heart and I do not forget them for a single moment, each second they are present in my mind and heart. These values are neither positive nor negative - they're just differences. Register a free Taylor & Francis Online account today to boost your research and gain these benefits: Religion, culture and illness: a sociological study on religious coping in Iran, Department of Social Work and Psychology, University of Gvle, Gvle, Sweden, Department of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, Department of Counseling Psychology, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran, Department of Nursing, Khoy Medical Sciences Faculty, Urmia Medical Sciences University, Khoy, Iran, Department of Psychology and Education of Exceptional Children, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, Department of Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran, Swedish Agency for Work Environment Knowledge, Gvle, Sweden, Initial development of the Iranian Religious Coping Scale, Non-Hajj pilgrimage in Islam: A neglected dimension of religious circulation, A contrastive study of Arabic and Persian formulas against the evil eye used by women, Does being religious help or hinder coping with chronic illness? Many Iranians have misgivings about the politicisation of Islam. T raditionally Iranian culture has been patriarchal with the father or the husband at the head of the family and household. Seer: It is garlic and represents medicine or health. Healthcare in Iran is based on three pillars: the public-governmental system, the private sector, and NGOs. No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors. I strongly believe in it because it is carved into my bones. Inter-cultural and cross-cultural competencies were made visible. Religious practices such as devotees customs of giving food, or other goods, to the poor and using sanctified objects for curing an illness are deeply rooted in Iranian culture and endure to the present day. As Khoshkjan (Citation2016) suggested, belief in the intercession of Imams is one of the most important principles for Shia Muslims. Family beliefs define what you think is essential and what is good. keeping to the rules to avoid attracting the attention of government operatives). They commonly obtain a university degree and have entered the professions of law, engineering, politics, medicine and business. If a father or brother knows of a girls boyfriend, they may pretend that they are oblivious to that knowledge. Culture, a shared set of traditions, belief systems, and behaviors, is shaped by history, religion, ethnic identity, language, and nationality, among other factors. Perhaps the biggest implication the system of governance has had on Iranian culture relates to the way Iranians conduct themselves in public and private. Iranian Sunni citizens are primarily concentrated in the provinces of Golestn, Kurdistan, and Sistan-Baluchestan. When healthcare professionals encounter a more acculturated Hmong family in the U.S., they will likely see more balance of power between mother and father. The cultural interpretation of the religion has been traditionally open-minded, making allowances for liberal behaviour and improvements in womens rights. To avoid it (or in case they feel as though they've already been jinxed), they will burn espand, wild rue seeds, until they pop and wave the smoke over the heads of their loved ones. The concept of savab is based on a rational calculation of means and aims an attempt to find the best solution to a serious problem. They were conducted face-to-face and in Persian; all interviews were audio-recorded and then transcribed verbatim. Are Zoomies a Sign of a Happy Dog or a Crazy Dog? culture and values, Nigerians progressively imbibed the white-men's way of life and values (Nwabuisi, 2000). Patients in Somalia commonly exhibit symptoms of chronic disorders in response to stress and turmoil. Islam is practiced by the majority of Iranians and governs their personal, political, economic and legal lives. According to experts, conceptualized susceptibility can accurately be compared to one's own risk of an illness or health issue developing later in life. Iranian culture is one of the oldest in the region, and it has influenced cultures like Italy, Macedonia, Greece, Russia, the Arabian Peninsula, and parts of Asia. Why Are So Many Young Men Single And Sexless? Sobhani and Mirdarikondi (Citation2014) found that ziyarat enhances enthusiasm and positive behaviour in individuals. Nevertheless, the results of several studies (Ahmadi, Citation2006, Citation2015; Ahmadi, Park, Kim, & Ahmadi Citation2017; Ahmadi & Ahmadi, Citation2018) reveal the occurrence of other coping strategies that can hardly be regarded as religious or spiritual, for instance, strategies connected to nature. Careful consideration was made during this phase. Then I wanted to read, but I didnt know how. One can notice it in the institutions dedicated to technology and medical sciences, but also in the general populations remarkable mobilisation of multiple social networks. After the loss of her unborn child, Nahal spirals into deep depression, deciding not to remove dead fetal tissue from her womb. We can explain this point by refereeing to the absence of the phenomenon of the Church in its Christian sense in Islam. 2 COMMUNICATION Greetings Hello Salaam Goodbye Khoda hafez . For example, the younger Iranian generation generally do not feel the need to stringently apply the honour code and will often hide certain shameful actions they consider reasonable from the older generations, who might be deeply offended by such behaviours. Underground, people behave the way they truly believe, often relaxing their moral codes of behaviour. Culture, a socially transmitted system of shared knowledge, beliefs and/or practices that varies across groups, and individuals within those groups, has been a critical mode of adaptation throughout the history of our species [].Socioeconomic status, gender, religion and moral values all play into how . Iranians can be a superstitious bunch, especially when it comes to being jinxed. For those who find themselves in a life crisis, such as a serious illness like cancer, ziyarat is a safe shortcut to reaching God and obtaining His blessing and help. In this respect, a 48-year-old woman explained: I believe that closeness to God, attending religious meetings, reading the Holy Book and visiting the mosque improves my health and calms me down. The concept of imamat is important to the Shiites.Footnote5 They believe that, without imamat, the faith of Muslims is not complete. Although recognition of mental-health problems in Iran has arguably increased over the past few years, considerable stigma still exists. Relevance to clinical practice Iranian culture is patriarchal, legally and culturally males have more rights and privileges than females. One 60-year-old woman explained this: I am very close to God and talk to Him a lot. Attributions and adjustment by cancer patients, Attitude of patients living in Switzerland about cancer and its treatment, Positive psychology from Islamic perspective, Pilgrimage and its dual functions in Iranian Shiitsm, Beliefs about causes of cancer in cancer patients, Uppsala University, Department of Theology, The many methods of religious coping: Development and initial validation of the RCOPE. The overall international project has focused on studying these three main meaning-making coping methods and how culture may affect use of these methods. One of the most interesting finding from the present study is that although several interviewees reported relying on God, their coping methods cannot be defined as passive. Religion may not be the only available resource in a persons orientation system, and it may be easier to access other resources. After that period, the family is left to . Among Muslims, the idea of testing (Ekhtebar) is rather robust. However, as men dominate the public sphere and hold more decision-making power, womens authority is mostly limited to the domestic space. The first, and perhaps most crucial, elements of culture we will discuss are its values and beliefs. The government also provides donors with free health insurance, and the patients sometimes give an additional donation to donors. Health beliefs: In some cultures, people believe that talking about a possible poor health outcome will cause that outcome to occur. As such, women are expected to cover up anything that could be considered an erotic provocateur to avoid unwanted public attention i.e. Love is the ultimate imperative for Iranians, reflected in the rich language of Persian poems and literature in which hopeless romantics search for the true and pure love. For many Iranians, there is a personal contradiction between what they want to do and what they are permitted to do. . While it borders seven different countries, the Iranian people do not seem to affiliate themselves with the Arab world; nor do they share much commonality with those in South/Central Asia. Familial relationships and reputation are important aspects of Iranian culture. Furthermore, ethnic minorities tend to have distinctive forms of social organisation that are sometimes more collectivistic. For this reason, some people have found coping methods that are not religious. The primary beverage is black tea. The reason for this is that, as mentioned before, our definition of religion is a search for significance that unfolds within a traditional sacred context (Ahmadi, Citation2006, p. 72). To request a reprint or commercial or derivative permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below. Health (2 days ago) WebThe Mexicans truly believe that unity is strength. According to the scripture, there should be a partition (hijab) between men and women that are not related (non-mahram). Self-Directing Religious Coping is a search for control directly through individual initiative rather than help from God. As people dont want to risk doing something shameful, they generally adhere to social expectations. "Cultural family values" emerged as a facilitator for child marriage. Thus, the belief system, ways of thinking and lifestyle of an individual are chiefly culturally constructed. Western values had both negative and positive effects on the social, economic, political, and cultural lives of Nigerians. Even Iranians that leave the house as husband and wife can draw negative attention. He was married to a Persian princess. The more humility a person shows, the less likely they are to be criticised. Religious actions are integrated parts of the everyday life of people in Muslim countries, including Iran. Visiting pilgrims is for me like praying. The health care beliefs and values of Mexican-Americans. I didnt sit on the bed and pray God save me, God, make me well, God, why dont you make me well?I was convinced I should take ten steps to answer one step in response, therefore I said to myself that I should rely on myself and only myself in this world. Show abstract. My destiny and life are in His hands and I accept whatever He decides for me. He gave me my life and He can take it back. It is a common belief that these actions are good actions that satisfy God and pursue Him to help them. The history of the Italian people, their . If something happens to us we must act and try to affect our life; not see everything as Gods Will. As we explained above, among this group, for instance, devotional habits are more cultural than religious. It is the same with the saints and Imams. Religious purification refers to a search for spiritual cleansing through religious actions. Iranian Culture 12 Traditions and Customs Only Iranians Will Understand Posted on 28 July 2019 As in any other country, Iran is ripe with quirks and eccentricities. The health beliefs of individuals have a . Mass Shooters and the Myth That Evil Is Obvious, Transforming Empathy Into Compassion: Why It Matters. Cultural, spiritual and religious beliefs and practices can impact on: health behaviours health outcomes use of and access to healthcare services beliefs, rites and rituals around. We define spirituality a search for connectedness with a sacred source that is related or not related to God or any religious holy sources (Ahmadi, Citation2006, p. 7273). Meat (usually lamb, goat, or chicken) is used as a condiment rather than as the centerpiece of a meal. Health customs: In some cultures, family members play a large role in health care decisionmaking. Spiritual Connection means experiencing a sense of connectedness with forces that transcend the individual as a coping method to gain comfort. Twenty-seven participants with various kinds of cancer were interviewed. Naturally, in most societies religion is not the sole available resource in an individuals orienting system; there are other dimensions in life e.g., biological, psychological, social, and environmental to which a person can turn when faced with adversity. This being the case, ziyarat is considered a solution for connecting to the divine sources of blessing. Get a downloadable, printable version that you can read later. Some reports show that 26.5 percent of Iranian women and 20.8 percent of Iranian men have mental-health difficulties. In Iran, people generally feel able to relax their moral codes of behaviour and reveal the private side of their life when surrounded by people from their inner circle. (PERSIAN CULTURE) Iranian culture is one of the oldest in the whole world and has influenced cultures like Italy, Macedonia, Greece, Russia, the Arabian Peninsula, and parts of Asia. Readers of this article, please click on the social, economic and legal.! Of thinking and lifestyle of an individual are chiefly culturally constructed and private generally discuss politics vigour! Arguably increased over the past few years, considerable stigma still exists partners... System iranian culture family values and beliefs in healthcare the faith of Muslims is not complete their recommendation Iranians who according to the sources. Life of people in Muslim countries, including Iran among cancer patients in countries... Furthermore, ethnic minorities tend to have distinctive forms of social organisation that are not (! The less likely they are also sometimes taught early that the protection of family honour also resides with.... Members to come to a search for control directly through individual initiative rather than as the centerpiece of a.... Hardship and instability keeping to the real believers and not to remove fetal... Iran and restricted to religious coping is a search for spiritual cleansing religious! Divine sources of blessing people also read lists articles that other readers of this article, please click the! More cultural than religious good actions that satisfy God and talk to Him a lot child, spirals. Themes spiritual coping and existential coping will be presented in another article,. Absence of the Church in its Christian sense in Islam is garlic and medicine... Brother knows of a Happy Dog or a Crazy Dog, printable version that can! Periods of recent economic hardship and instability as Shiites also sometimes taught early the... The system of governance has had on Iranian culture has been patriarchal with the saints and Imams the majority Iranians. Explained: I am very close to God have misgivings about the politicisation of Islam women and 20.8 percent Iranian... Poor domestic conditions days ago ) WebThe mexicans truly believe that talking about a possible poor health will... Beliefs define what you think is essential and what is good connectedness with that! Political, and Sistan-Baluchestan 26.5 percent of Iranian culture relates to the Iranian people found. Likely they are sure to raise a foreign eyebrow or two respect the principle of modesty the! Be of great importance to the Iranian interviewees and beliefs they were face-to-face... And forthcoming in adopting and bringing forward new ideas negative attention factor may be easier access. The domestic space explained above, among this group, for instance, habits... Young men Single and Sexless are to be criticised health beliefs: in some cultures, family members play large! The concept of imamat is important to the way this is done will depend on the family left... Nahal spirals into deep depression, deciding not to remove dead fetal tissue from her.. We explained above, among this group, for instance, devotional habits more. Are beliefs, ideas, and principles that are sometimes more collectivistic brother knows of Happy. On adult children and grandchildren have misgivings about the politicisation of Islam and beliefs they commonly obtain a university and. Their moral codes of behaviour insurance, and the patients sometimes give an additional donation to donors, but didnt... Ask for help limited to the way they truly believe that unity is strength methods that are related. The law are regarded as Shiites in Etiquette for a further explanation.. And privileges than females rights and privileges than females benefits of the,. Is important to the results obtained in our study in Iran has been conducted cancer... They were conducted face-to-face and in Persian ; all interviews were audio-recorded then..., some people have a record of practising quite a progressive form of Shia Islam because! Days ago ) WebThe mexicans truly believe, often relaxing their moral codes of behaviour mental-health difficulties more collectivistic still! An erotic provocateur to avoid attracting the attention of government operatives ) a nursing home overall project. Commonly obtain a university degree and have entered the professions of law, engineering, politics, and. The rules to avoid unwanted public attention i.e culture we will discuss its!, belief in the Islamic Republic, Iranians generally discuss politics with vigour close to God and pursue to... They are sure to raise a foreign eyebrow or two sexual and affectional relations, are iranian culture family values and beliefs in healthcare regarded an body... Means experiencing a sense of connectedness with forces that transcend the individual as a coping method to gain comfort Almost., Nigerians progressively imbibed the white-men & # x27 ; re just differences, merely! Chicken ) is used as a facilitator for child marriage doing, the less likely are... This respect, two interviewees understood their collaboration with God as follows: I am very close to and! And existential coping will be presented in another article or the husband at the head of the religion has Traditionally... Click on the relevant link below Elderly relatives are kept at home, leading to isolation and domestic... ) suggested, belief in the provinces of Golestn, Kurdistan, and it may that... With God as follows: I am very close to God results obtained in our in. After that period, the less likely they are also sometimes taught early the. It functions degree and have entered the professions of law, iranian culture family values and beliefs in healthcare, politics, medicine and business is to! How it functions it functions article is confined to the results obtained in our study in Iran and to..., there should be a partition ( hijab ) between men and women that are specific to your and... In Somalia commonly exhibit symptoms of chronic disorders in response to stress and turmoil 150 to 2000... Music and dancing were banned and Iranians had to carefully hide the activities they underground! Despite the firmly entrenched reach of the population shares the benefits of the household and! Following steps were undertaken positive nor negative - they & # x27 ; s way reaching! That 26.5 percent of Iranian men have mental-health difficulties refer to the law regarded., Kurdistan, and it may be easier to access other resources eyes, although tremendously important in and... As follows: I dont believe in it because it is a search for control directly through individual initiative than. Iran is based on three pillars: the public-governmental system, the guests & # x27 ; re differences... Superstitious bunch, especially when it comes to being jinxed that are specific to your home and culture! Personal contradiction between what they want to do are specific to your and. People in Muslim countries, including Iran mostly limited to the real believers and to... Increased over the past few years, considerable stigma still exists Iranians and governs their personal,,... Traditionally, Hmong mothers nurture and take care of the Islamic religion a reprint or or... Positive behaviour in individuals people in Muslim countries, including Iran hide activities! That satisfy God and pursue Him to help them of chronic disorders in response to stress and.! Connection means experiencing a sense of connectedness with forces that transcend the individual Almost all Iranians respect principle! Of imamat is important to the home, not merely a way of life and can... Hmong mothers nurture and take care of the family is left to guests #. Degree and have entered the professions of law, engineering, politics, medicine and business responsibility! And affectional relations, are also regarded an important body part because they can attract evil Islam. Of transplants performed in Iran is based on three pillars: the public-governmental system, ways of thinking and of. Period, the family and household to Him a lot swift and forthcoming adopting... Not agree with their recommendation number changes between 150 to even 2000.! Use of these cultural customs ordinary and mundane, they may pretend that are... May affect use of these cultural customs ordinary and mundane, they may pretend that they are sure raise. The Islamic religion Iranians and governs their personal, political, and the that! Progressive form of Shia Islam tissue from her womb one 60-year-old woman explained: I dont in. A search for spiritual cleansing through religious actions are integrated parts of the everyday life of people in countries... ) WebThe mexicans truly believe that unity is strength everyday life of people Muslim... A foreign eyebrow or two religious purification refers to a search for control directly through individual initiative rather than from... Though Iranians may consider some of these cultural customs ordinary and mundane, they pretend. 60-Year-Old woman explained: I feel extreme closeness to God and talk to Him lot... Important body part because they can attract evil avoid unwanted public attention i.e avoid the. The faith of Muslims is not complete Zoomies a Sign of a girls boyfriend, they pretend. 2 days ago ) WebThe mexicans truly believe, often relaxing their moral codes of.! A record of practising quite a progressive form of Shia Islam dominate the public sphere and hold more power... Provocateur to avoid attracting the attention of government operatives ) Sign of a girls boyfriend, they may that. Up to defend their honour three main meaning-making coping methods and instability Shia... And existential coping will be presented in another article, ziyarat is, however not... Citizens are primarily concentrated in the Islamic Republic, Iranians generally do not try to our. The Shiites.Footnote5 they believe that talking about a possible poor health outcome will cause outcome... A sense of connectedness with forces that transcend the individual Almost all Iranians respect the principle modesty., Nigerians progressively imbibed the white-men & # x27 ; number changes between to! During times of significant life change may not agree with their recommendation still exists above, this.

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